- 閱讀理解A
題干：Inrecentyears,railroadshavebeencombiningwitheachother,mergingintosupersystems,causingheightenedconcernsaboutmonopoly.Asrecentlyas1995，thetopfourrailroadsaccountedforunder70percentofthetotalton-milesmovedbyrails.Nextyear,afteraseriesofmergersiscompleted,justfourrailroadswillcontrolwellover90percentofallthefreightmovedbymajorrailcarriers.Supportersofthenewsupersystemsarguethatthesemergerswillallowforsubstantialcostreductionsandbettercoordinatedservice.Anythreatofmonopoly,theyargue,isremovedbyfiercecompetitionfromtrucks.Butmanyshipperscomplainthatforheavybulkcommoditiestravelinglongdistances，suchascoal，chemicals，andgrain’truckingistoocostlyandtherailroadsthereforehavethembythethroat.Thevastconsolidationwithintherailindustrymeansthatmostshippersareservedbyonlyonerailcompany.Railroadstypicallychargesuch“captive”shippers20to30percentmorethantheydowhenanotherrailroadiscompetingforthebusiness.Shipperswhofeeltheyarebeingoverchargedhavetherighttoappealtothefederalgovernment'sSurfaceTransportationBoardforraterelief,buttheprocessisexpensive,timeconsuming,andwillworkonlyintrulyextremecases.Railroadsjustifyratediscriminationagainstcaptiveshippersonthegroundsthatinthelongrunitreduceseveryone'scost.Ifrailroadschargedallcustomersthesameaveragerate，theyargue，shipperswhohavetheoptionofswitchingtotrucksorotherformsoftransportationwoulddoso，leavingremainingcustomerstoshoulderthecostofkeepinguptheline.It'satheorytowhichmanyeconomistssubscribe,butinpracticeitoftenleavesrailroadsinthepositionofdeterminingwhichcompanieswillflourishandwhichwillfail.“Dowereallywantrailroadstobethearbitersofwhowinsandwholosesinthemarketplace?”asksMartinBercovici,aWashingtonlawyerwhofrequentlyrepresentsshippers.Manycaptiveshippersalsoworrytheywillsoonbehitwitharoundofhugerateincreases.Therailroadindustryasawhole,despiteitsbrighteningfortunes，stilldoesnotearnenoughtocoverthecostofthecapitalitmustinvesttokeepupwithitssurgingtraffic.Yetrailroadscontinuetoborrowbillionstoacquireoneanother,withWallStreetcheeringthemon.Considerthe$10.2billionbidbyNorfolkSouthernandCSXtoacquireConrailthisyear.Conrail'snetrailwayoperatingincomein1996wasjust$427million,lessthanhalfofthecarryingcostsofthetransaction.Who'sgoingtopayfortherestofthebill?Manycaptiveshippersfearthattheywill，asNorfolkSouthernandCSXincreasetheirgriponthemarket.
題目：According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by_____. - A 、the continuing acquisition
- B 、the growing traffic
- C 、the cheering Wall Street
- D 、the shrinking market
掃碼下載億題庫(kù)
精準(zhǔn)題庫(kù)快速提分
參考答案【正確答案：A】
細(xì)節(jié)題。第五段第二句提到, 鐵路公司的收入仍然不足以支付為滿足不斷增長(zhǎng)的運(yùn)輸需要而投入的資金。第三句yet轉(zhuǎn)折之后，文章內(nèi)容圍繞鐵路公司在相互兼并過程中耗費(fèi)運(yùn)營(yíng)成本展開。該段還舉例談到托運(yùn)商擔(dān)心兩大公司會(huì)把在兼并過程中的額外開支轉(zhuǎn)嫁到他們身上。由此可推知，鐵路公司的相互收購(gòu)耗資巨大，造成鐵路公司的成本大幅增加，從而使托運(yùn)商的利益受損。因此A選項(xiàng)是鐵路行業(yè)成本增加的主要原因。
您可能感興趣的試題- 1 【閱讀理解A】 According to the text, Fiat’s job cuts（）.
- A 、trigger a wave of job cuts in other companies
- B 、become a headache of Italian government
- C 、double the number of jobless people in northern Italy
- D 、force Italian government to aid it
- 2 【閱讀理解A】Which of the following is true according to the text?（）
- A 、David’s robot traders have now been used in real-world markets
- B 、Robot traders can evolve like creatures
- C 、There is room for improvement in efficiency in trading markets
- D 、The English auction is the most popular trading form
- 3 【閱讀理解A】According to the text, mental CEO is to（）.
- A 、help people do many tasks at the same time
- B 、associate human’s activities with the neural region
- C 、monitor the use of specific mental resources
- D 、build priorities among complicated tasks
- 4 【閱讀理解A】According to the text, we can tell that（）.
- A 、Easterlin agreed with Maslow
- B 、Easterlin’s theory contradicts with Maslow’s
- C 、Easterlin’s theory is more popular than Maslow’s
- D 、Maslow’s theory is more popular than Easterlin’s
- 5 【閱讀理解A】 According to the text, which of the following is NOT a use for a hydrophone?（）
- A 、To listen to the sound of undersea fauna
- B 、To search for unknown species of fish and other creatures
- C 、To monitor the passing of surface vessels
- D 、To detect submerged submarines
- 6 【閱讀理解A】Which of the following is true according to the text?
- A 、Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.
- B 、Some sites keep e-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.
- C 、Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.
- D 、Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.
- 7 【閱讀理解A】Which of the following is true according to the text?
- A 、People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.
- B 、VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.
- C 、The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.
- D 、Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.
- 8 【閱讀理解A】Emerson, according to the text, is probably_____.
- A 、a pioneer of education reform
- B 、an opponent of intellectualism
- C 、a scholar in favor of intellect
- D 、an advocate of regular schooling
- 9 【閱讀理解A】According to the text，what is beyond man’s ability now is to design a robot that can_____.
- A 、fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery
- B 、interact with human beings verbally
- C 、have a little common sense
- D 、respond independently to a changing world
- 10 【閱讀理解A】Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
- A 、Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients' death.
- B 、Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.
- C 、The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.
- D 、A doctor's medication is no longer justified by his intentions.
熱門試題換一換
- The police are trying to（）what really happened.
- 國(guó)外某教授最近指出，長(zhǎng)著一張娃娃臉的人意味著他將享有更長(zhǎng)的壽命，因?yàn)槿藗兊纳顮顩r很容易反映在臉上，從1990年春季開始，該教授領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究小組對(duì)1826對(duì)70歲以上的雙胞胎進(jìn)行了體能和認(rèn)知測(cè)試，并拍了他們的面部照片。在不知道他們確切年齡的情況下，三名研究助手先對(duì)不同年齡組的雙胞胎進(jìn)行年齡評(píng)估，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使是雙胞胎，被猜出的年齡也相差很大。然后，研究小組用若干年時(shí)間對(duì)這些雙胞胎的晚年生活進(jìn)行了跟蹤調(diào)查，直至他們?nèi)ナ馈Ｕ{(diào)查表明：雙胞胎中，外表年齡差異越大，看起來老的那個(gè)就越可能先去世。 以下哪項(xiàng)如果為真，最能形成對(duì)該教授調(diào)查結(jié)論的反駁（）。
- Tom died last summer.Tom always( )reading poems to his family.
- Q國(guó)的棉花農(nóng)場(chǎng)數(shù)量眾多以至于產(chǎn)品積壓，于是，棉花價(jià)格下降了。政府試圖抬高棉花價(jià)格，決定對(duì)把25%棉田閑置不生產(chǎn)的農(nóng)民給予支持金，每個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)的支持金總額有一個(gè)確定的最高限額。該政府的這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃如果成功實(shí)施，不僅不會(huì)給財(cái)政帶來凈負(fù)擔(dān)，可能還會(huì)使政府在財(cái)政上有所獲益。 下面哪個(gè)如果正確，是解釋政府之所以這樣做的最佳依據(jù)（）。
- （6）
- 近年來，越來越多的機(jī)器人被用于在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上執(zhí)行偵察、運(yùn)輸，甚至將來沖鋒陷陣的都不再是人，而是形形色色的機(jī)器人。人類戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)正在經(jīng)歷自核武器誕生以來最深刻的革命。有專家據(jù)此分析指出，機(jī)器人戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)可以使人類遠(yuǎn)離危險(xiǎn)，更安全、更有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)目標(biāo)。 以下哪項(xiàng)如果為真，最能質(zhì)疑上述專家的觀點(diǎn)（）。
- 圓 是圓關(guān)于直線y=x的對(duì)稱圓。（） （1）圓 （2）圓
- 某公司用1萬元購(gòu)買了價(jià)格分別是1750元和950元的甲、乙兩種辦公設(shè)備，則購(gòu)買的甲、乙辦公設(shè)備的件數(shù)分別為（）。
- 李先生投資2年期、3年期和5年期三種國(guó)債的投資額的比為5：3：2。后來又以與前次相同的投資總額全部購(gòu)買3年期國(guó)債，則李先生兩次對(duì)3年期國(guó)債的投資額與兩次總投資額的比值為（）。
- 歐洲蕨是一種有毒的野草，正在北半球蔓延并毀壞了許多牧場(chǎng)。一種潛在的費(fèi)用低廉而且可以自我維持的對(duì)付辦法是引入這種植物的天敵；因此，一些科學(xué)家建議通過把產(chǎn)于南半球的吃歐洲蕨的飛蛾放養(yǎng)到受歐洲蕨影響的北半球地區(qū)來控制歐洲蕨的生長(zhǎng)。 如果科學(xué)家控制歐洲蕨的建議被采納，下面哪個(gè)是其成功所必要的條件（）。
- Theunderlined word "that" in Paragraph 2 refers to the situationthat ( ).
億題庫(kù)—讓考試變得更簡(jiǎn)單
已有600萬用戶下載
8LyPW