- 閱讀理解A
題干：Overthepastcentury,allkindsofunfairnessanddiscriminationhavebeencondemnedormadeillegal.Butoneinsidiousformcontinuestothrive：alphabetism.This,forthoseasyetunawareofsuchadisadvantage,referstodiscriminationagainstthosewhosesurnamesbeginwithaletterinthelowerhalfofthealphabet.IthaslongbeenknownthatataxifirmcalledAAAAcarshasabigadvantageoverZodiaccarswhencustomersthumbthroughtheirphonedirectories.LesswellknownistheadvantagethatAdamAbbotthasinlifeoverZoěZysman.Englishnamesarefairlyevenlyspreadbetweenthehalvesofthealphabet.YetasuspiciouslylargenumberoftoppeoplehavesurnamesbeginningwithlettersbetweenAandK.ThustheAmericanpresidentandvice-presidenthavesurnamesstartingwithBandCrespectively；and26ofGeorgeBush'spredecessors(includinghisfather)hadsurnamesinthefirsthalfofthealphabetagainstjust16inthesecondhalf.Evenmorestriking,sixofthesevenheadsofgovernmentoftheG7richcountriesarealphabeticallyadvantaged(Berlusconi,Blair，Bush，Chirac，ChretienandKoizumi).Theworld’sthreetopcentralbankers(Greenspan，DuisenbergandHayami)areallclosetothetopofthealphabet,evenifoneofthemreallyusesJapanesecharacters.Asaretheworld'sfiverichestmen(Gates,Buffett，Allen,EllisonandAlbrecht).Canthismerelybecoincidence?Onetheory,dreamtupinallthesparetimeenjoyedbythealphabeticallydisadvantaged,isthattherotsetsinearly.Atthestartofthefirstyearininfantschool，teachersseatpupilsalphabeticallyfromthefront,tomakeiteasiertoremembertheirnames.Soshort-sightedZysmanjuniorgetsstuckinthebackrow,andisrarelyaskedtheimprovingquestionsposedbythoseinsensitiveteachers.Atthetimethealphabeticallydisadvantagedmaythinktheyhavehadaluckyescape.Yettheresultmaybeworsequalifications,becausetheygetlessindividualattention,aswellaslessconfidenceinspeakingpublicly.Thehumiliationcontinues.Atuniversitygraduationceremonies,theABCsproudlygettheirawardsfirst；bythetimetheyreachtheZysmansmostpeopleareliterallyhavingaZZZ.Shortlistsforjobinterviews,electionballotpapers,listsofconferencespeakersandattendees：alltendtobedrawnupalphabetically，andtheirrecipientsloseinterestastheyploughthroughthem.
題目：Which of the following is true according to the text? - A 、People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.
- B 、VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.
- C 、The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.
- D 、Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.
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參考答案【正確答案：D】
主旨題。文章第一段指出，按字母排序是一種隱藏的不平等現(xiàn)象。第二、三段舉例說明杰出人物多為姓氏字母排序靠前的人。第四段直接指出，字母排序造成了兒童受教育機會的不平等。第五段又列舉了其他一些按字母排序的不平等現(xiàn)象。由此可見，全文的論述都圍繞“按字母排序這種隱蔽的不平等現(xiàn)象”這個主題而展開。因此D選項正確。
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