- 英譯漢 An Asian engineer is assigned to a U.S. laboratory and almost suffers a nervous breakdown. A U.S. executive tells his staff he's going to treat them fairly—and creates dissension. A Japanese manager is promoted by his American president, but within six months asks for a transfer. Each of these real-life cases involved people who were regarded as superior employees, but were ill-equipped to cope with the complexities and dangers of intercultural management. "Multinational companies have studied everything else, now they're finally looking at culture", says Clifford Clarke, founder and president of the California-based IRI International Inc. "Never show the shoe to an Arab, never arrive in time for a party in Brazil, and in Japan, don't think ‘yes' means ‘yes'," advise U.S. consultants Lennie Copland and Lewis Brown Griggs, who have produced a series of films and a book to help managers improve their international business skills. But simply learning the social "do's" and "don'ts" is not the answer, according to the new culture specialists. The penalties for ignoring different thinking patterns, they point out, can be disastrous.
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參考答案 一個(gè)亞洲工程師被派到美國(guó)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室后精神幾乎崩潰。一個(gè)美國(guó)經(jīng)理告訴他的員工自己將公平對(duì)待他們，而這卻導(dǎo)致了沖突。一個(gè)日本經(jīng)理獲得了美國(guó)總裁的提升，但不到六個(gè)月就要求調(diào)任。這些實(shí)際生活中的例子涉及到了那些被認(rèn)為是高級(jí)雇員的人，這些人沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好去處理跨文化管理中的復(fù)雜性及危險(xiǎn)性。
總部位于加利福尼亞的IRI國(guó)際公司創(chuàng)始人兼總裁Clifford Clarke指出，國(guó)際化公司已研究了其他方面，現(xiàn)在他們終于開(kāi)始正視文化方面了。美國(guó)顧問(wèn)Lennie Copland和Lewis Brown Griggs建議：決不要向阿拉伯人展示鞋，在巴西參加聚會(huì)決不要按時(shí)到，在日本不要認(rèn)為yes就是同意。這些顧問(wèn)拍攝了一系列短片，并寫(xiě)了一本書(shū)以幫助經(jīng)理們提高他們的國(guó)際化經(jīng)營(yíng)管理技能。據(jù)新文化專(zhuān)家說(shuō)，僅僅學(xué)習(xí)社交場(chǎng)合中“應(yīng)該做什么”和“不應(yīng)該做什么”不是解決之道。他們指出忽視不同的思維方式，懲罰后果會(huì)很?chē)?yán)重。
您可能感興趣的試題- 1 【條件充分性判斷】已知a，b是實(shí)數(shù)，則|a|≤1，|b|≤1。（） （1）|a+b|≤1 （2）|a-b|≤1
- A 、條件（1）充分，但條件（2）不充分
- B 、條件（2）充分，但條件（1）不充分
- C 、條件（1）和（2）單獨(dú)都不充分，但條件（1）和條件（2）聯(lián)合起來(lái)充分
- D 、條件（1）充分，條件（2）也充分
- E 、條件（1）和（2）單獨(dú)都不充分，條件（1）和條件（2）聯(lián)合起來(lái)也不充分
- 2 【閱讀理解B】A good businessman should remember
- A 、you could find an image and try to link it with the problem
- B 、December and January are the best months for skiing
- C 、think as they would
- D 、to put himself
- E 、you have every resource to achieve your goal
- 、we can still learn to be more creative
- 、imagine them to be the characters in their works
- 3 【閱讀理解A】 When seeking to appoint new members to a corporation’s board, the chair traditionally looked for candidates who（）.
- A 、could work easily with other members of the board
- B 、were already involved in establishing policy for that corporation
- C 、had legal and governmental experience
- D 、had influential connections outside the business world
- 4 【寫(xiě)作】You are invited to a dinner at a friend's house, but you are not able to attend because of the preparation for a coming examination. Write a letter to your friends to express your apology,explain your reason, and suggest a meeting at another time. You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address
- 5 【完形填空】（4）
- A 、moderate
- B 、normal
- C 、unusual
- D 、extreme
- 6 【英譯漢】 Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely — though by no means uniformly — glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all. Now Utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to. But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years一 so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens，if not hundreds，of thousands of years. According to the UN, there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline.
- 7 【完形填空】（1）
- A 、high
- B 、highly
- C 、sharply
- D 、hardly
- 8 【完形填空】（3）
- A 、multiplies
- B 、totals
- C 、adds
- D 、amounts
- 9 【完形填空】（6）
- A 、soaring
- B 、favorable
- C 、discount
- D 、premium
- 10 【閱讀理解B】（5）
- A 、Use commute time
- B 、Make conversations about your artwork a priority
- C 、Read before you fall asleep
- D 、Carry a notepad and pen about
- E 、Take notes whenever ideas come
- 、Talk about yourself as much as possible
- 、Don't underestimate thinking time
熱門(mén)試題換一換
- As we know, computers are used to store and（）information efficiently.
- 孔智、孟睿、荀暉、墨靈四個(gè)人玩游戲，在每張紙上寫(xiě)出1到9中的一個(gè)數(shù)字，然后疊起來(lái)，每個(gè)人從中抽取2張，然后報(bào)出兩數(shù)的關(guān)系，由此猜出剩下沒(méi)有人拿的那個(gè)數(shù)字是多少。已知： （1）孔智說(shuō)他手里的兩數(shù)相加為10。 （2）孟睿說(shuō)他手里的兩數(shù)相減為1。 （3）荀暉說(shuō)他手里的兩數(shù)之積為24。 （4）墨靈說(shuō)他手里的兩數(shù)之商為3。 由此他們四人都猜出了剩下沒(méi)有人拿的那個(gè)數(shù)字，這個(gè)數(shù)字是（）。
- 分析下述論證中存在的缺陷和漏洞，選擇若干要點(diǎn)，寫(xiě)一篇600字左右的文章，對(duì)該論證的有效性進(jìn)行分析和評(píng)論。（論證有效性分析的一般要點(diǎn)是：概念特別是核心概念的界定和使用是否準(zhǔn)確并前后一致，有無(wú)各種明顯的邏輯錯(cuò)誤，論證的論據(jù)是否成立并支持結(jié)論，結(jié)論成立的條件是否充分等等。） 財(cái)富實(shí)屬中性，本無(wú)善惡。觀察的視角不同，便賦予了它不同的屬性。今天回過(guò)頭來(lái)看資本主義，經(jīng)過(guò)了原始資本積累的黑人奴隸、殖民戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等殘酷手段，掠奪了財(cái)富，形成了一個(gè)個(gè)很強(qiáng)勢(shì)的跨國(guó)公司，鑄成強(qiáng)勢(shì)的資本，成就了今天的發(fā)展。中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放這么多年來(lái)，實(shí)際上是在完成民族資本的原始積累。對(duì)于那個(gè)時(shí)候的資本的原始積累，如果現(xiàn)在我們始終要用放大鏡顯微鏡去看財(cái)富，太多地追究財(cái)富到底是從哪來(lái)的，到底是什么顏色，可能會(huì)加速資本的流失。 財(cái)富的形成，往往取決于企業(yè)家的思維和秉性。他們做出跟現(xiàn)有習(xí)慣和條例不一樣的舉措，方能把本來(lái)閑置的資源整合起來(lái)發(fā)揮作用。一個(gè)循規(guī)蹈矩的人，可能是一個(gè)時(shí)代的道德楷模，但他不具備獨(dú)立的個(gè)性，而是按照一勞永逸的模式獲得自身價(jià)值。索羅斯把發(fā)財(cái)秘訣概括為反向思維或稱(chēng)倒行逆施，一些不符合現(xiàn)有規(guī)程的操作，即便本身不是創(chuàng)新，也會(huì)帶來(lái)法規(guī)制度的進(jìn)一步完善，形成“魔高一尺，道高一丈”的循環(huán)。 一個(gè)開(kāi)雜貨鋪的小老板，能夠解決兩個(gè)人的就業(yè)問(wèn)題，能夠給鄰里的生活帶來(lái)便利，就功德無(wú)量。一個(gè)創(chuàng)建了商業(yè)帝國(guó)的人，他解決的就業(yè)與創(chuàng)造的福利，更是惠及億萬(wàn)民眾，對(duì)他們苛求太甚，很欠妥當(dāng)。他們純粹個(gè)人的消費(fèi)是有限的。許多富豪，依然粗茶淡飯，整天夢(mèng)牽魂繞的就是做事情。通常人朝九晚五，兩天周末。他們卻沒(méi)有節(jié)假日，飛機(jī)上才是他們休息的地方，那份癡迷與辛苦，不是一般人能夠領(lǐng)略得到的。 財(cái)富莫問(wèn)出處，關(guān)鍵看怎么發(fā)揮作用，看能不能為中國(guó)人創(chuàng)造財(cái)富。一如山上樹(shù)，高高在上，但是根子要扎在很深很深的地下，那里有充足的養(yǎng)料。河北省幾年前出了個(gè)一號(hào)文件，不追民企原罪，那是很有創(chuàng)意的事件。可惜后來(lái)無(wú)聲無(wú)息了。
- 不等式的解集為（）。
- 車(chē)間準(zhǔn)備加工1000個(gè)零件，每小組完成的定額數(shù)可以唯一確定。（） （1）按定額平均分配給6個(gè)小組，則不能完成任務(wù) （2）按比定額多2個(gè)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)把加工任務(wù)平均分給6個(gè)小組，則可超額完成任務(wù)
- 至少有3只黑球的不同取法共有多少種？
- In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should 1)interpret the chart and 2)give your comments. You should write at least 150 words. Write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET.
- 分析下列論證中存在的缺陷與漏洞，選擇若干要點(diǎn)，對(duì)該論證的有效性進(jìn)行分析和評(píng)述。 “80后”一代出生在改革開(kāi)放初期，當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)發(fā)展剛開(kāi)始起步，各種條件不夠完善。隨著改革開(kāi)放的推進(jìn)，社會(huì)現(xiàn)代化程度不斷提高，“90后”一代則享受到的是富裕、安穩(wěn)的生活環(huán)境，他們沒(méi)有更多的生活壓力。 “90后”大多是獨(dú)生子女，因此他們更加自私、無(wú)理、冷漠。父母對(duì)子女面面俱到的照顧，使他們沒(méi)有獨(dú)立的思考空間，不能對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)，從而導(dǎo)致兩面性和逆反心理。這一代青少年欣賞的都是影視明星，可以看出他們沒(méi)有信仰和真正的偶像。也正是個(gè)別明星的不當(dāng)行為誤導(dǎo)了“90后”的行為，出現(xiàn)了傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀的喪失。 “90后”沒(méi)有用我們成年人希望的語(yǔ)言和方式來(lái)表達(dá)他們的想法，更多的是“非主流”。因此，“90后”是信仰缺失、愛(ài)心缺失的一代。
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