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  • 閱讀理解A
    題干:Theprocessofperceivingotherpeopleisrarelytranslated(toourselvesorothers)intocold,objectiveterms.“Shewas5feet8inchestall,hadfairhair,andworeacoloredskirt.”Moreoften,wetrytogetinsidetheotherpersontopinpointhisorherattitudes,emotions,motivations,abilities,ideasandcharacters.Furthermore,wesometimesbehaveasifwecanaccomplishthisdifficultjobveryquickly-perhapswithatwo-secondglance.Wetrytoobtaininformationaboutothersinmanyways.Bergersuggestsseveralmethodsforreducinguncertaintiesaboutothers:watching,withoutbeingnoticed,apersoninteractingwithothers,particularlywithotherswhoareknowntoyousoyoucancomparetheobservedperson'sbehaviorwiththeknownothers'behavior;observingapersoninasituationwheresocialbehaviorisrelativelyunrestrainedorwhereawidevarietyofbehavioralresponsesarecalledfor;deliberatelystructuringthephysicalorsocialenvironmentsoastoobservetheperson'sresponsestospecificstimuli;askingpeoplewhohavehadorhavefrequentcontactwiththepersonabouthimorher;andusingvariousstrategiesinface-to-faceinteractiontouncoverinformationaboutanotherperson-questions,self-disclosures(自我表露),andsoon.Gettingtoknowsomeoneisanever-endingtask,largelybecausepeopleareconstantlychangingandthemethodsweusetoobtaininformationareoftenimprecise.Youmayhaveknownsomeonefortenyearsandstillknowverylittleabouthim.Ifweaccepttheideathatwewon'teverfullyknowanotherperson,itenablesustodealmoreeasilywiththosethingsthatgetinthewayofaccurateknowledgesuchassecretsanddeceptions.Itwillalsokeepusfrombeingtoosurprisedorshockedbyseeminglyinconsistentbehavior.Ironicallythosethingsthatkeepusfromknowinganotherpersontoowell(e.g.,secretsanddeceptions)maybejustasimportanttothedevelopmentofsatisfyingrelationshipasthosethingsthatenableustoobtainaccurateknowledgeaboutaperson(e.g.,disclosureandtruthfulstatements).
    題目: It can be inferred from Berger's suggestions that().
  • A 、people do not reveal their true self on every occasion
  • B 、in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directly
  • C 、the best way to know a person is by making comparisons
  • D 、face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person

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【正確答案:B】

指定段落總結(jié)推理題。從第二段第二行的冒號開始,作者羅列了Berger提到的諸多方法,一直到本段結(jié)束。因為這些方法都是采用分號隔開,所以是在分別解釋每種做法的具體實施方式,并且都是彼此并列的關(guān)系。其中羅列的大多數(shù)方式都提醒人們避開與你想了解的人的面對面交流,即符合選項B所說的內(nèi)容。選項A是將下一段的內(nèi)容拿來做干擾,指出人們不是在所有場合下都真實地展現(xiàn)自己。選項C和D都含有最高級的信息”the best way” “the best strategy”但我們在文章中并沒有看到這種最高級的信息被確認(rèn)。事實上作者對羅列的方法并沒有進(jìn)行比較,所以這兩個選項是對原文的曲解以及無中生有。本題再次體現(xiàn)了推理題的特點。

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