- 閱讀理解A
題干：Inspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference，”Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Thereis“thedemocratizinguniformityofdressanddiscourse，andthecasualnessandabsenceofdeference”characteristicofpopularculture.Peopleareabsorbedinto"acultureofconsumption"launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered“vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.Insteadofintimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite"thesewerestores"anyonecouldenter,regardlessofclassorbackground.Thisturnedshoppingintoapublicanddemocraticact."Themassmedia,advertisingandsportsareotherforcesforhomogenization.Immigrantsarequicklyfittingintothiscommonculture,whichmaynotbealtogetherelevatingbutishardlypoisonous.WritingfortheNationalImmigrationForum,GregoryRodriguezreportsthattoday'simmigrationisneitheratunprecedentedlevelnorresistanttoassimilation.In1998immigrantswere9.8percentofpopulation；in1900，13.6percent.Inthe10yearspriorto1990，3.1immigrantsarrivedforevery1,000residents；inthe10yearspriorto1890,9.2forevery1,000.Now,considerthreeindicesofassimilation-language,homeownershipandintermarriage.The1990Censusrevealedthat“amajorityofimmigrantsfromeachofthefifteenmostcommoncountriesoforiginspokeEnglish‘well’or‘verywell'aftertenyearsofresidence.”ThechildrenofimmigrantstendtobebilingualandproficientinEnglish.“Bythethirdgeneration,theoriginallanguageislostinthemajorityofimmigrantfamilies.”HencethedescriptionofAmericaisa”graveyard"forlanguages.By1996foreign-bornimmigrantswhohadarrivedbefore1970hadahomeown-ershiprateof75.6percent,higherthanthe69.8percentrateamongnative-bornAmericans.Foreign-bornAsiansandHispanics“havehigherratesofintermarriagethandoUS-bornwhitesandblacks.”Bythethirdgeneration，onethirdofHispanicwomenaremarriedtonon-Hispanics，and41percentofAsian-Americanwomenaremarriedtonon-Asians.RodrigueznotesthatchildreninremotevillagesaroundtheworldarefansofsuperstarslikeArnoldSchwarzeneggerandGarthBrooks，yet“someAmericansfearthatimmigrantslivingwithintheUnitedStatesremainsomehowimmunetothenation'sassimilativepower.”AretheredivisiveissuesandpocketsofseethingangerinAmerica?Indeed.Itisbigenoughtohaveabitofeverything.ButparticularlywhenviewedagainstAmerica’sturbulentpast，today'ssocialindiceshardlysuggestadarkanddeterioratingsocialenvironment.
題目：According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century_____. - A 、played a role in the spread of popular culture
- B 、became intimate shops for common consumers
- C 、satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite
- D 、owed its emergence to the culture of consumption
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參考答案【正確答案：A】
細節(jié)題。第一段提到，在19世紀百貨商店發(fā)起的消費文化運動中，無論什么階級或背景的 人都可以出入百貨商店，從而使購物成為一種公眾的、大眾化的行為。由此可知，19世紀百 貨商店使購物成為公共的行為，從而形成了普遍的、流行的消費文化。因此Α選項正確。
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- D 、Tipping has little connection with the quality of service.
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