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Theories of the Business Cycle - Keynesian School

幫考網(wǎng)校2020-08-05 15:44:32
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The Keynesian school of thought is one of the most influential theories of the business cycle. This school of thought was developed by British economist John Maynard Keynes in the 1930s. According to Keynes, business cycles are caused by fluctuations in aggregate demand and can be managed through government intervention.

Keynes argued that during a recession, households and businesses tend to save more and spend less, leading to a decrease in aggregate demand. This decrease in demand leads to a decrease in output and employment. Keynes believed that the government could stimulate demand by increasing spending, which would lead to an increase in output and employment.

The Keynesian theory of the business cycle is based on the idea that the economy is inherently unstable and that market forces alone cannot ensure full employment. According to Keynes, the government should intervene in the economy during times of recession to stimulate demand and boost economic growth.

Keynesian economists argue that government spending can create jobs and boost economic growth, even if it means running a budget deficit. They believe that the government should use fiscal policy, such as tax cuts and increased spending on infrastructure and social programs, to stimulate demand during a recession.

Critics of the Keynesian school of thought argue that government intervention can lead to inflation and that the government may not be able to time its interventions correctly. They also argue that government spending can lead to a crowding-out effect, where private investment is crowded out by government spending.

Despite these criticisms, the Keynesian school of thought has had a significant impact on economic policy around the world. Many governments have adopted Keynesian policies during times of recession to stimulate demand and boost economic growth.
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