Inventory is an important resource for businesses, as it represents the goods or materials that a company has on hand to meet customer demand. Inventory levels can fluctuate throughout the business cycle, as businesses adjust their production and sales strategies in response to changing economic conditions.

During an economic expansion, businesses typically increase their inventory levels in anticipation of rising demand. This can be seen in industries such as retail, where stores stock up on merchandise in preparation for the holiday shopping season. In manufacturing, companies may increase their raw material inventories to ensure they have enough inputs to meet higher production levels.

During a recession or downturn, however, businesses may reduce their inventory levels to conserve cash and avoid excess stock that may not sell. This can lead to supply chain disruptions and shortages of certain goods, as businesses try to balance their inventory needs with their financial constraints.

Overall, inventory management is an important aspect of resource use throughout the business cycle, as businesses must balance their need for stock with their financial resources and customer demand. Effective inventory management can help businesses maintain their competitive edge and respond quickly to changing market conditions.