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&emsp；Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read thefollowing four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, CｏｒD. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

Text 1

Financialregulations in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of bigbanks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could bedelayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation fｏｒwrongdoing. Themain purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable forharmful risk-taking ａｎｄ to restore public trust in financial institution. Yetofficials also hope fｏｒa much larger benefit: more long term decision-makingnot only by banks but also bu all corporations, to build a stronger economy forfuture generations.

“Short-termism” ｏｒthe desire fｏｒquick profits, hasworsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England’s top economist. Andrew Haldane. He quotes agiant of classical economies, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financialimpatience as acting like “Children who pick the plums out oftheir pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside tobe eaten last.

Theaverage time fｏｒholding a stock in both the United States ａｎｄ Britain, henotes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades.Transient investors, who demａｎｄ high quarterly profits from companies, canhinder a firm’s efforts to invest in long-termresearch ｏｒto build up customer loyalty. This has been dubbed “quarterly capitalism”.

Inaddition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities,quicker use of information, ａｎｄ thus shortens attention spans in financialmarkers. “There seems to be a predominanceof short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the USSecurities ａｎｄ Exchange Commission in speech this week.

In theUS, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to deferperformance bonuses fｏｒseniｏｒexecutives by about a year, slightly helpingreduce “short-termism.” In its latest survey of CEO pay, The WallStreet Journal finds that “ a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance.

Much morecould be done to encourage “l(fā)ong-termism,” such as changes in the tax code ａｎｄ quickerdisclosure of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto acompany investment fｏｒat least two years can sometimes earn more voting rightsin a company.

Withincompanies, the right compensation design can provide incentives fｏｒexecutivesto think beyond their own time at the company ａｎｄ on behalf of allstakeholders. Britain’s new rule is a reminder tobankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just fｏｒtheshort term but fｏｒthe long term.

21.According to Paragraph 1, one motive in imposing the new rule is the_________.

A.enhance banker’s sense of responsibility

B. helpcorporations achieve larger profits

C. builda new system of financial regulation

D.guarantee the bonuses of top executives

22.Alfred Marshall is quoted to indicate_________.

A. theconditions fｏｒgenerating quick profits

B.governments’ impatience in decision-making

C. thesolid structure of publicly traded companies

D. “short-termism” in economics activities

23. It isargued that the influence of transient investment on public companies canbe__________.

A.indirect

B.adverse

C.minimal

D.temporary

24. TheUS ａｎｄ France examples are used to illustrate____________.

A. theobstacles to preventing “short-termism”.

B. thesignificance of long-term thinking.

C. theapproaches to promoting “l(fā)ong-termism”.

D. theprevalence of short-term thinking.

25. Whichof the following would be the best title fｏｒthe text?

A.Failure of Quarterly Capitalism

B.Patience as a Corporate Virtue

C.Decisiveness Required of Top Executives

D.Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers

以上就是幫考網(wǎng)為大家?guī)淼娜啃畔ⅲＭ芙o大家一些幫助。幫考網(wǎng)提醒：在最后階段，我們除了復(fù)習(xí)之外，調(diào)整應(yīng)試心態(tài)也是非常重要的。另外，小伙伴們?nèi)绻€有其他關(guān)于考研信息的疑問，也可以留言咨詢。